Hair-cutting machine



S. SEVERSON.

HAIR CUTTING MACHINE. APPLICATION man MAYs.1921.

1,404,798. Patented Jan.31,1922.

5.9'r @MOWXO Samuel SEYElsun STATES SAMUEL SEVERSON, 0F VALDERS, WISCONSIN.

HAIR-CUTTING MACHINE.

racines.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed May 3, 1921. Serial No. 466,573.

T o all whom t may concern Be it known that I, SAMUEL SnvnnsoN, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Valders, in the county of Manitowoc and State of Wisconsin, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Hair-Cutting Machines; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof.

My invention relates to improvements in hair cutting appliances, and refers particularly to that type which is motor driven.

The object of my invention is to provide a device of the class described, so constructed that the hair may be cut to any desired length and particularly when a variation of the length of the hair is desired.

A further object of my invention is to provide means actuated by the drive of the cutting element, whereby the cutter may be moved to any desired position.

A further obj ect is the provision of means whereby the cutter will be moved in one direction at a greater speed than in its re` versed direction when cutting.

A still fur'ther object resides in the provision of means whereby the hair is drawn into proper position with respect to the cutting blades and to dispose of the cuttings.

These and other objects as may herein.- after appear are attained by the novel construction, combination and arrangement of parts to be hereinafter specifically described and claimed.

In the accompanying drawings v Figure 1 is a horizontal sectional view of my improved cutter, showing the operating shafts and their drive connections.

Fi re 2 is a vertical sectional view ou the line 2--2 of Figure l,

Figure 3 is a section on the line 3-3 of Figure 2, j

Figure 4 is a section on the line a-tof Figure 2, and

Figure 5 is a section on the line 5;-5 of Fi ure 2. l

eferrin to the drawing in detail, the numeral 1 designates acasing made of sheet metal or'the like, substantially rectangular in form, fin which the cutter and its operating elements are adapted to bek placed. One end of casing 1 is opened as indicated at 2, and the top and bottomwalls adjacent the opening terminate short of the side walls, thus forming extensions 2', which serve as guides or bearing faces for the ap* v pliance.

The other end has made integral in one corner thereof and out of communication therewith an enlarged housing 3 having the removable end wall 3 which permits access to the interior of the housing and the casing, the housing being adapted to receive therein certain of the operating elements. The casing 1 has adjacent the housing 3, a vertical passageway 4, to which suitable connections are made forcreating within, and through the casing l, a suction, the purpose of which will be more I:fully apparent hereinafter.

The casing 1 has arranged therein and adapted to move longitudinally of the same a reciprocating cutter which I will now describe.

Extending transversely of the casing 1 is a vertically disposed block 5, the upper or central portion of which is cut away to provide an opening 6, through which air may pass when the4 suction within the casing is created. The upper or top face of the block 5 has secured thereto an angle plate 7, one wall of which extends in front of the block 5 and parallel thereto to form the stationary cutting plate, the lower end of which has a plurality ofV fingers 8. The face of the cutting plate 7, which lies adjacent the block 5,- has formed thereon a horizontally disposed rib4 9, adapted to fit within a groove of the reciprocating cutter bar 10.

The cutter har 10 has its lower eXtremity provided with a. plurality of fingers or teeth 11 which are adapted to 'cooperate with the fingers S of thestationary cutting plate. .The upper portion of the cutter bar has projecting ina horizontal .plane `there= from an extension 12, 'the' under face of which has formed thereon a rack bar 13, the latter meshing with a gear segment V14: formed upon they end of the oscillating shaft 15, which passes through the 'sliding block 5. The lingers 11 ofthe movable cutter bar are held in` close relation to the fingers 8 of the vstationary cutting plate bymeans of a bowed spring 16, the end portions of which are secured adjacent the end portions of the cutte'rr'bar,` while its central portion hears upon the face of the gear 'segment 14.

In order that the cutterk bar10 may be 'reciproca-ted through the 'medium of' they rack and segment, I` have secured the latter to the end of the shaft 15 which extends longitudinally of the casing 1 and through the housing 3, and having on its end pro- Patented Jan. 31, 1922.

jecting therefrom a milled thumb portion 17, by. which the shaft may be moved'longitudinally of the casing at the willof the operator.

The shaft 15 has cut therein and extending approximately throughout its entirej length a pair of diametrically disposed key slots 13, the purpose of which will be apparent as the description proceeds.

The housing 3 has journaled therein for rotation a Vvertically disposed drive'shaft 19, one end of which-projects exteriorly of the casing and has detachably connected thereto flexible driving means leadingkto the source of power. The shaft 19 Vhas formed therein within the housing 3, upper and lower worms 20 and 21 respectively, the former meshing with a worm gear 22, which is rotatably mounted upon the stub shaft 23 fixed in one wall of the housing. The gear 22 has formed on one of its faces an .eccen trically arranged boss 24:, upon which one end of the pitman 25 is mounted, the free end of which is pivotally connected to the arm 2G arranged upon the sleeve 27, through which the shaft 15 is adapted to slide in keyed relation thereto. As shown in Figure 1, the sleeve 27 has its end portions abutting the opposite walls of the housing 3, and b the structureit will be apparent that when the shaft 15 slides therethrough the connection between the sleeve and theeccentric will not be broken.

From the foregoing, it will be apparent that as the shaft 19 rotates, the shaft 15 will be oscillated bf means of its connection thereto through the gear 22, pitman 25, arm 26 and the sleeve 27, slidably keyed thereto. Y In order thatthecutter may be moved to and away from the opening 2, I have provided a second shaft 28 rotatably journaled within one side of the block 5, and extending longitudinally of the casing and through the housing in a manner similar to the shaft 15. The shaft 28 has also upon its end the milled thumb portion`29, by which manual adjustment of the shaft is made. The inter mediate portion ofthe shaft 28 has formed thereon a screw thread 29 and a spiral groove 30, the latter being at a greater pitch than the former and extending in a direction opposite to that of the thread; also, the

. shaft is'further provided with a pair of diametrically opposite key slots 31, the purpose of which will be more fully described herein after. Slidably keyedto the shaft 28 and within the housing 2 is a worm gear 32, which engages the lower worm 21 oflthe shaft 19, thus imparting rotation to the Shaft 28. l

In orderthat the shaft 28 may be moved longitudinally of the casing and through the gear 32, I have provided on the end wall of the housing. 3 a pair of parallel and vertica-ily extending guide members 33, be-

tween which is slidably arranged a nut 34, the lower portion of which projects through thel bottom ofthe casing 1, and has fitted within a groove therein the end of the spring controlled lever 35. The nut 34: has therein an elongated opening through which the shaft 28 passes. The top portion of the nut is provided with screw threads which engage the threads 29 yof the shaft, while the lower portion is provided with a pin 36 adapted to be inserted within the spiral groove 30. Thus it will be seen that when the lever 35 is depressed the threads of the nut will engage the threads of the shaft, thereby retracting the cutter, then again when the. lever is released, the spring will cause the nut to move upwardly between itsguide elements and throw the pin 36 into engagement with the spiral groove 30, thus causing the cutter to move toward the opening 2 at a greater speed. d

Thel operation of my improved cutter is as follows: Assuming that'the parts are in a position as shown in Figure 2, the casing having connected thereto the means for creating a vsuction and thedriving shaft having its connection, it will then Vbe apparent that as the shaft 19'rotates the'cutter will be reciprocated Vthrough the ele-v ments previously referredV to, as will the shaft 2S be` caused to rotate. The operator graspsthe handle or casing 1 and starting at a point where the hair is to be cut short, depresses the lever 35 slightly in order that the nut may be entirely disengaged from the Vshaft 28. Then the l.point is reached where the hair gradually increases in length,

the operator Afully depresses the lever 35, thusV causingthe'threads of the nutfto vengage the threads 29 and as the shaft rotates the cut-ter vwill graduallyvbe retracted, until the maximum extension has been reached, corresponding to that part ofthe scalp where thehair is allowed to remain the longest. The severed hair passes in the usual manner Vthrough the casing, and the passageway l6, *to Vthe suction apparatus, where it'istaken'care of.

When the maximum extension has been reached, the operator releases the lever 35, thereby permitting the pin 36 carried by the nut to lengage the spiral groove 30 of the shaft, thus moving the cutter forward 'at a far greater speed. y

From the foregoing, it is thought that the construction, operation and many adi vantages of the herein described invention will be apparentto those skilled in the art, without further description, and it will be understood that various changes in thesize, shape, proportion and minor details ofconstruction, may be resorted to without departingfrom the .spirit or sacrificing any what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A hair cutting device of the class described, comprising a casing, a power operated cutter Within said casing, and means for moving the same longitudinally of the casin in opposite directions.

2. hair cutting device of the class de-` scribed, comprising a casing having an opening therein, a cutter movable within said casing, means for operating said cutter, and selectively controlled means for causing the cutter to move to and from said opening.

3. A hair cutting device of the class de scribed, comprising a casing having an opening adapted to receive therein hair to be cut, a cutter reciprocating transversely of said casing and adapted to approach said opening, power driven means for operating said cutter, and selectively controlled means engageable with said power driven means :for moving the cutter to and from said opening.

4l. A hair cutting device of the class described, comprising` a casing having an opening adapted to receive therein hair to be cut, a cutter movable within said casing, power driven means for operating said cutter, and selectively controlled means engageable with said power driven means for moving the cutter to and from said open- 1n A hair cutting device of the class described, comprising a casing one end of which is opened and adapted to receive therein hair to be cut, a drive shaft within said casing, a block within said casing and having connected thereto a shaft the other end of which is in slidable engagement with said drive shaft, said shaft having oppositely threaded portions, a reciprocating cutter carried by said block and operated by a second shaft in slidable engagement with said drive shaft, and selectively controlled means for engaging the threaded portions of said block moving shaft whereby the cutter is moved to and from the opening in said casing.

6. A hair cutting device of the class described, comprising a casing having an opening therein, a cutter movable within said casing, and selectively controlled means for moving the cutter to and from said opening.

7. A hair cutting device of the class described, comprising a casing having an opening therein, a cutter movable within said casing, and selectively controlled power operated means for moving the cutter to and from said opening.

8. A hair cutting device of the class described, comprising a casing having an opening therein, a cutter movable within said casing, and means for moving the cutter to and from said opening at different speeds.

9. A hair cutting device of the class described, comprising a casing having an opening therein, a cutter movable within said casing, and selectively controlled means for movin the cutter to and from said opening at di erent speeds.

10. A hair cutting device of the class described, comprising a casing having an open ing therein, a cutter movable within sai-l casing, power operated means for moving the cutter longitudinally of said casing, selectively controlled means adapted to engage said operating means for controlling the direction of movement of the cutter to and from said opening and at different speeds.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand at Valders, in the county of Manitowoc and State of Wisconsin.

SAMUEL SEVERSON. 

